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Self-trapping of magnon Bose-Einstein Condensates in the ground state and on excited levels: from harmonic to box cofinement

机译:基态和激发能级的磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚物的自陷:从谐波到盒共精细化

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摘要

Long-lived coherent spin precession of 3He−B at low temperatures around 0.2Tc is a manifestation of Bose-Einstein condensation of spin-wave excitations or magnons in a magnetic trap which is formed by the order-parameter texture and can be manipulated experimentally. When the number of magnons increases, the orbital texture reorients under the influence of the spin-orbit interaction and the profile of the trap gradually changes from harmonic to a square well, with walls almost impenetrable to magnons. This is the first experimental example of Bose condensation in a box. By selective rf pumping the trap can be populated with a ground-state condensate or one at any of the excited energy levels. In the latter case the ground state is simultaneously populated by relaxation from the exited level, forming a system of two coexisting condensates.
机译:3He-B的长相干自旋进动在0.2Tc左右的低温下是自旋波激发或磁振子在磁阱中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的体现,它是由有序参数织构形成的,可以通过实验进行操纵。当磁振子的数量增加时,轨道结构会在自旋轨道相互作用的影响下重新定向,并且陷阱的轮廓从谐波逐渐变为方阱,并且壁几乎无法穿透磁振子。这是盒子中Bose冷凝的第一个实验示例。通过选择性的射频泵抽,阱可以充满基态凝结水或任何激发能级的凝结水。在后一种情况下,基态是通过从退出的水平面松弛而同时填充的,从而形成了两种共存冷凝物的系统。

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